Is Downloading And Converting A YouTube Video To An MP3 Infringement?

from the interesting-legal-questions dept

There are a variety of different tools out there that let you “record” a YouTube video and turn it into an MP3, just as there are a variety of tools out there for converting Pandora streams to MP3s or converting internet radio to MP3s. Technically it’s no different than “recording” something you hear off the radio, which is generally considered legal under the Audio Home Recording Act (which had plenty of bad things in it, but also included protections for people recording at home for personal use).

We may get a test of whether or not that applies to the online world, with the news that former Gnutella P2P client MP3Rocket has changed strategies and ditched its P2P offering to switch to an app that simply records YouTube videos and turns them into MP3s. The company seems to be relying on the Supreme Court’s Betamax ruling, by claiming that since all it’s really doing is “time shifting” the ability to listen to music streamed via YouTube, it’s no different than the ruling that said it was okay to record television shows via video cassettes.

Of course, RIAA supporters and the like will quickly counter by pointing to the various lawsuits over whether or not XM’s recording device was legal. Most of those lawsuits ended in settlements, so I don’t think there’s as strong a precedent that says that turning digital streams is infringement. However, you’d have to imagine that there’s going to be one hell of a lawsuit either way.

The reality is that this is yet another case of the law not being able to keep up with technology. There simply is no intellectually honest rationale that says recording songs off the radio is legal, but recording songs off your computer is illegal. It’s a weak attempt by an industry that doesn’t want to deal with changing technology to put in place laws that prevent what the technology allows. Those never work.

It certainly would be nice to see the Supreme Court note that something like this really is no different than the Betamax ruling, but given the Supreme Court’s various bad copyright rulings over the last few years, I have little faith that it will do so. Instead, it would likely just use a case like this to chip further away at the Betamax ruling, just as the Grokster decision did.

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Companies: mp3rocket, youtube

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Comments on “Is Downloading And Converting A YouTube Video To An MP3 Infringement?”

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93 Comments
Dark Helmet (profile) says:

How it'll be different....

First, you’re missing a parenthesis (sp?) at the end of your first graph.

Second, this situation will be said to be completely different because the internet is involved, and the RIAA is pretty sure that every time you record a YouTube stream as a digital recording, sixteen month-old puppies are personally drowned by Julian Assange….

Dark Helmet (profile) says:

Re: Re: Re: How it'll be different....

“who will drown the puppy while flying a plane into a building of importance…”

Worse yet, they will convert the unwitting puppy to an extreme form of Islam, promising it 72 Beggin’ Strips in heaven if only they would hide a small amount of detonable formula in a whiskey barrel tied to their coller.

Which is why, as I’ve said or years, we will all eventually elect Michael Vick as our President, and he will single-handedly save us all from the imminent evil of bearded Al Queda Shih Tzus and their insatiable appetite for bacon flavored almost-meat. He will stand at the forefront of this great battle, shirtless, in a Philidelphia Eagles helmet on his head, The King James Bible in one hand and the American flag in the other, and he will resolutely strangle the life out of every last one of these enemy combarkants, as is the will of the American People.

The day is coming, my friends, when you will turn to all of those wierd women you know who own cats, possibly the world’s most creepiest animal, and you will look upon them with favor, recalling the great Puppy Terror Scare and its propulsion of President Vick, also called Captain Eyebrows, to the highest office in the land….

nunya_bidness says:

Re: Re: Re:6 How it'll be different....

I agree with you. The good soul in all countries are the people and the evil round edges are the government(most). But also there is evil in those who try to be amusing by making statements about planes and buildings and things like that, many good and innocent people were killed that way. They are the pussies I am really referring to, it is not funny.

monkyyy says:

Re: Re: How it'll be different....

lucky we were saved by gems as justin beaver, who was the only one who was untouched by the internet

just look at all the ruined musicians who spawned from the internet,
deamau5, abney park, steal 4 ram;(feel free to list more so we cant sue google when they link to them, and not u for linking them)
all for them releasing their work like commies tho peer to peer torrent sites like groove shark, and internet radio sites like the pirate bay(its like hell only worse)

PW (profile) says:

Something seems different

“There simply is no intellectually honest rationale that says recording songs off the radio is legal, but recording songs off your computer is illegal.”

While I’m not up on the law here and I don’t think there s/b anything to prevent this, I’d like to play devil’s advocate here. Since the original production is on YouTube, then can’t it be claimed that it is made up of both the video and the audio, and that by stripping out the audio the original has been altered? In the Betamax case it’s still about recording a TV show for the purpose of time shifting the TV show. In this YouTube example, it’s less about time shifting and more about changing it’s use from watching the content on a screen to simply listening to the music on devices that could not support video.

This may not make any sense, but thought I’d explore this angle to see if others have any thoughts on this reasoning.

:Lobo Santo (profile) says:

Re: Something seems different

When I’m playing a music playlist of mine on YouTube, I do not watch, only listen.

Certainly I am not alone is this action.

As it could be claimed the ‘normal’ (or ‘reasonable person’) only listens to the music and does not watch after the first few times, there may likely be a good basis for disputing the “changing it’s use” argument.

Just saying.

Jeff Rife says:

Re: Something seems different

Since the original production is on YouTube, then can’t it be claimed that it is made up of both the video and the audio, and that by stripping out the audio the original has been altered? In the Betamax case it’s still about recording a TV show for the purpose of time shifting the TV show.

So, what you’re saying is that it was implicit in the Betamax decision that when playing back your recording, you would be strapped into your chair with your eyelids taped open so that you would see the video as well as hear the audio.

Anonymous Coward says:

Re: Something seems different

There are several ways Betamax could be distinguished, including both stripping of the “creative” video and stripping of the visual ad content.

Also, there are at least two intellectually honest ways of distinguishing the AHRA. First, digital copies are different than copies from analog radio because there is no loss in quality in each generation. Second, the AHRA was a legislative compromise among different interest groups, and there is no equivalent compromise in place that would apply to this type of recording.

That doesn’t necessarily mean a contributory infringement case would win, but it does mean neither Betamax nor the AHRA are the end-all, be-all for this case.

Anonymous Coward says:

Anything that comes out of my speakers, can, and if I want to, will, be recorded.

If I see an advantage to spend storage space instead of continuous bandwidth I will record it. With internet radio, there is also the factor or randomness, as I don’t know when if ever, I’ll have the chance to listen to that specific music again.

I see no difference between doing that, and the red button on my VCR remote, on my DVR device, on my Cassete Tape recorder.

On YouTube, you have even another thing to consider, you don’t know how long that video is going to be available, or if it’s going to be crippled.

I don’t resell the recording, don’t share them, and absolutely don’t advertise them. Only use they have is my own private enjoyment. Of course I could buy any of those works, but, what’s the fun in that? Have any of you ever climbed a tree to get some fruit only because the act of doing that made the fruit taste better then any other? I see it in that same light. Those recordings may lack professional quality, may be incomplete, but, each of them has a much more personalized touch then a bought product that only involves having the necessary money to obtain it.

Hopefully I made my point clear enough.

Anonymous Coward says:

Re: Re:

Nice spin, Anonymous.

But the real story of course, is that thanks to overly draconian copyright laws used to protect something as unsubstantial as entertainment content, the overall population is seeing less and less reasons to follow the laws.

The emerging trend is plain as day, and it’s in favour of the majority, not the tiny minority.

Hephaestus (profile) says:

Re: Re:

“But the real story of course, is that thanks to the increasingly forceful and effective anti-piracy measures taken by the US, this company decided to abandon the business of blatant copyright infringement.”

In the beginning of the current administration, they said that these RIAA types at the DOJ will not be able to do anything for their industry for six month. I snickered … my list of what they would do after six months consisted of. Web site seizures (domain name in this case), criminal charges against infringers, jail time for infringers, loss of internet access for infringers, examples being made in a very public way with press releases and perp walks.

Here is why this will fail. Every time ICE or HomeSEC or DOJ is asked if this is legal, they do an end run around the question. They do this because people are pointing out things like, the copyright clause, the 1st, 4th, 14th amendments, prior restraint, etc.

All in all it is only a short term victory that will get slapped down by the courts.

Josh in CharlotteNC (profile) says:

Re: Re: Re:

Please. Name one – just one – “anti-piracy” measure that has been effective. I certainly can’t think of one.

Ooo, I got one!

All of the old celluloid movies rotting away in vaults that the owners won’t let be copied onto different formats even if someone else pays for it.

Making sure that those aren’t copied insures that there’s no old content around, so people have to buy new content. That’s effective, right?

/sarc

Anonymous Coward says:

“Technically it’s no different than “recording” something you hear off the radio, which is generally considered legal under the Audio Home Recording Act (which had plenty of bad things in it, but also included protections for people recording at home for personal use. “

Surely, technically it is very different,
I don’t recall taping something off the radio by sending the signal to a third party to do the taping and having them deliver the finished recorded off air product to me.

nonetheless it is effectively no different,
the music is being “broadcast” legally and the copier ends up with a copy for their own personal use.

Annon says:

Re: Re:

Obviously you have no idea how that video got your on screen in the first place.
The entire contents of the video has to be completely saved onto your local hard drive before/during play. If you knew what you were doing, you could just rip it straight from your own browser cache.

Now, it being a video on your local drive, you can do whatever with it. And ripping the audio out of a video into an audio-only format is one of the easier thing to do.

This app does nothing but simplify the process for the average user who has no clue how his computer works.

Anonymous Coward says:

“Technically it’s no different than “recording” something you hear off the radio, which is generally considered legal under the Audio Home Recording Act (which had plenty of bad things in it, but also included protections for people recording at home for personal use).”

Technically, it is different, in that that recordings from the radio (most radio, anyway) are not purely digital recordings that suffer no loss.

Richard (profile) says:

Re: Re:

Technically, it is different, in that that recordings from the radio (most radio, anyway) are not purely digital recordings that suffer no loss.
There is nothing in the law that says only lossy recordings are allowed.

In any case we are talking about a on shot record here – not repeated recording of multiple generations. Analogue recording can be pretty good at one generation – and some of the recorders that were around when the law was written would have been better quality than current digital recordings.

Not an electronic Rodent says:

Re: Re:

Technically, it is different, in that that recordings from the radio (most radio, anyway) are not purely digital recordings that suffer no loss.

What the hell does that have to do with the price of hamsters?
Are you suggesting it’s illegal to have a PVR box to record TV because it directly encodes a digital stream on a hard drive?

Or worse, before CDs I typically always used tape, but equally always had records and made my own tapes from them because the quality of the commercially produced tapes was so dire. Are you suggesting that because the quality of my recording was better than the commercial offering it suddenly because illegal?

Griff (profile) says:

What about streaming services ?

I’d have thought the real “concern” among these RIAA types is not that someone will record a youtube vid (someone made it possible to watch listen for free already by uploading) but that someone might make it easy to get a $5 / month Napster subscription and then just digitally record 1000 albums, then end the subscription and keep the MP3’s for ever.

I frequently use TotalRecorder to record dial in conference calls/webinars from Skype so I can listen at my leisure when walking the dog in the woods. Is that fair use ?

btrussell (profile) says:

Yes, it is an infringement

on Youtubes terms.

4. General Use of the Service?Permissions and Restrictions

YouTube hereby grants you permission to access and use the Service as set forth in these Terms of Service, provided that:

1. You agree not to distribute in any medium any part of the Service or the Content without YouTube’s prior written authorization, unless YouTube makes available the means for such distribution through functionality offered by the Service (such as the Embeddable Player).
2. You agree not to alter or modify any part of the Service.
3. You agree not to access Content through any technology or means other than the video playback pages of the Service itself, the Embeddable Player, or other explicitly authorized means YouTube may designate.
http://www.youtube.com/t/terms

teka (profile) says:

Re: Yes, it is an infringement

depends on how carefully put together the legalese is.

1. You agree not to distribute in any medium any part of the Service or the Content without YouTube’s prior written authorization, unless YouTube makes available the means for such distribution through functionality offered by the Service (such as the Embeddable Player).

The issue is not distribution.

2. You agree not to alter or modify any part of the Service.

The “Service”, which is probably defined in the terms, is likely the mechanism of the streaming and displaying. Not hacking Youtube = probably not altering “The Service”

3. You agree not to access Content through any technology or means other than the video playback pages of the Service itself, the Embeddable Player, or other explicitly authorized means YouTube may designate.

“The Content” could be defined as the entire Audio/Visual/layered package delivered from youtube. Once re-created into an mp3, it is no longer “The Content” that was delivered. This seems to be more a provision to explicitly lock-out frame-grabbing overlays or “youtube ad-remover” scripts.

btrussell (profile) says:

Re: Re: Yes, it is an infringement

“5. Your Use of Content

In addition to the general restrictions above, the following restrictions and conditions apply specifically to your use of Content.

1. The Content on the Service, and the trademarks, service marks and logos (“Marks”) on the Service, are owned by or licensed to YouTube, subject to copyright and other intellectual property rights under the law.
2. Content is provided to you AS IS. You may access Content for your information and personal use solely as intended through the provided functionality of the Service and as permitted under these Terms of Service. You shall not download any Content unless you see a ?download? or similar link displayed by YouTube on the Service for that Content. You shall not copy, reproduce, distribute, transmit, broadcast, display, sell, license, or otherwise exploit any Content for any other purposes without the prior written consent of YouTube or the respective licensors of the Content. YouTube and its licensors reserve all rights not expressly granted in and to the Service and the Content.”
http://www.youtube.com/t/terms

It is a pretty big page and I did not feel like pasting it all here. I suggest you read the page through the link provided.

Richard (profile) says:

Re: Yes, it is an infringement

access Content through any technology or means other than the video playback pages of the Service itself, the Embeddable Player,

Technical fail. The video playback pages are not a technology for accessing the services – arguably neither is the embeddable player.

The technology that you use to access YouTube is

1. Your computer

2. Your OS

3. Your browser

These are not mentioned – so either

a) The terms of service don’t (strictly) actually allow you to access YouTube at all.

b) You are allowed to do more or less what you like within your own machine and the terms of service are apply only to pubic activities using YouTube content on the web.

The reason for this may be that they attempted to write a legal TOS that, for techinical reasons, is unwriteable.

Gabriel Tane (profile) says:

Re: Re: Re: Yes, it is an infringement

Thanks…I think. I didn’t know that I needed those two links in one place, but I guess I did.

But it doesn’t really answer my point… unless I missed yours… were you saying that this is Copyright Infringement, or were you using “infringement” to mean a violation of TOS and not CRI?

aldestrawk says:

Just to point out something that not everybody may know here.

MP3 is an audio only digital encoding format that is more formally known as either:
MPEG-1 audio layer 3 or
MPEG-2 audio layer 3

MPEG-3, like MPEG-1, MPEG-2, and MPEG-4 are each a group of video and audio encoding standards.

I haven’t looked at the code or actually used this software but from what I can gather from a CNET review
http://download.cnet.com/MP3-Rocket/3000-2071_4-75337655.html
the MP3Rocket software will convert both audio and video streams. I am guessing that it allows one to strip out the video portion and have a stand alone MP3 file for just the audio. It seems it’s not limited Youtube but can download video or music from any website. I am not sure if the downloads are limited to just using HTTP rather than the old method of FTP under a P2P architecture.
So, it’s not really much different than before. They are emphasizing this Youtube time shift angle but if the software is capable of downloading an MP3 file and storing it on the computer as an MP3 file still, how is that different than before. It may be because websites are more vetted as to pirated content (via DMCA) than P2P sources.
A separate point is that is has been true for a long time that one could digitally record music from the radio. Consumer DAT recording equipment was covered under the AHRA and had to include SCMS (Serial Copy Management System) copy protection scheme. That scheme was to prevent digital to digital copies but allowed home digital recording off analog sources.

aldestrawk says:

duplicate comment but now formatted

Just to point out something that not everybody may know here.

MP3 is an audio only digital encoding format that is more formally known as either:
MPEG-1 audio layer 3 or
MPEG-2 audio layer 3

MPEG-3, like MPEG-1, MPEG-2, and MPEG-4 are each a group of video and audio encoding standards. I haven’t looked at the code or actually used this software but from what I can gather from a CNET review
http://download.cnet.com/MP3-Rocket/3000-2071_4-75337655.html
the MP3Rocket software will convert both audio and video streams. I am guessing that it allows one to strip out the video portion and have a stand alone MP3 file for just the audio. It seems it’s not limited Youtube but can download video or music from any website. I am not sure if the downloads are limited to just using HTTP rather than the old method of FTP under a P2P architecture. So, it’s not really much different than before. They are emphasizing this Youtube time shift angle but if the software is capable of downloading an MP3 file and storing it on the computer as an MP3 file still, how is that different than before. It may be because websites are more vetted as to pirated content (via DMCA) than P2P sources.
A separate point is that is has been true for a long time that one could digitally record music from the radio. Consumer DAT recording equipment was covered under the AHRA and had to include SCMS (Serial Copy Management System) copy protection scheme. That scheme was to prevent digital to digital copies but allowed home digital recording off analog sources.

Anonymous Coward says:

Re: Re: Who needs an app?

Have you tried searching for the tmp folder your browser uses inside Windows?

In Linux people would probably use strace to find out what the program is accessing because it shows you what folders it is trying to access along with other information, on Windows there are similar apps like StraceNT.

Google hint: system call tracer for windows

Also on Linux one could use Tomoyo which is really handy for that kind of thing since it shows in gory details everything a program try to do and access.

But people mostly don’t care about that they just use one of the thousands of apps that sniff out the link to the flv or mp4 file directly and download that.

e.g.:

CNET: Youtube Downloader

Audrey says:

The final YouTube to MP3 downloader

You forgot XetoWare’s Free YouTube Downloader. http://www.xetoware.com/free-youtube-downloader.html. It is truly awesome.

It downloads HD1080p videos and 320kbps MP3s.
Downloads videos with its built in download accelerator, achieving speeds of 3 to 5 times faster than your default web browser.
Also let’s me trim the downloaded MP3s, so I can cut the nonsense dialogue out so I am only left with the actual song. Guys who download from YouTube to MP3 know what I mean!

Seriously, check it out!

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